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72种室内、外观叶植物资料,希望对大家有用!

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-28 23:53 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 0cm? 13pt><FONT size=5>垂枝榕 <br><br></FONT></H3>
< none? mso-layout-grid-align: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: char; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: 0pt; 0cm>  又称垂叶榕、小叶榕、细叶榕,为桑科榕属木本观叶植物。垂枝榕在原产地为乔木,盆栽高度一般为<FONT face="Times New Roman">0.5-0.3</FONT>米。其茎幼时为淡绿色,成熟时为灰白色或棕褐色;枝条细而下垂,茎枝上度有气生须根;叶革质,光亮,卵圆形,长<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>厘米、宽<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>厘米。其园艺品种很多,如斑叶小叶榕、斑叶垂榕、银边垂榕、金叶垂榕等。这些品种在绿叶上有的有金黄白色斑块,有的有银色镶边,有的有金黄色斑块等,色彩极其丰富。其生态习性是喜温湿润及光亮环境。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< none? mso-layout-grid-align: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: char; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: 0pt; 0cm>  垂枝榕通常用扦插和高压繁殖。扦插一般于春末夏初及秋季气温较高时进行。扦插时选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>年生木质化枝条,剪取<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>厘米作为插条,上部保留<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>片叶片,并剪去叶片的一半;为防止树液流出,可将切口浸于水中或沾上木炭粉;将插条<FONT face="Times New Roman">1/3-1/2</FONT>插入已备好的河沙或珍珠岩培成的插床中,保持插床湿润,并注意喷雾。在<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>℃温度及半阴条件下,一个月左右可以生根盆栽。对于斑叶品种,其扦插生根较难,可用低浓度的生长素处理插条下部,以促进其生根。高压繁殖也是一种常用的方法。一般选择两年生枝条,先在枝条上做环状剥皮(宽<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">1.5</FONT>厘米);稍晾干后再用潮湿苔藓、泥炭土等包在伤口,并用塑料薄膜包扎上下两端;约经<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>个月,生根完好后剪下枝条上盆种植。与扦插繁殖相比,高压繁殖苗成型快,但繁殖系数较低。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< none? mso-layout-grid-align: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: char; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: 0pt; 0cm 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT:>盆栽垂枝榕用土以普通园土为主,掺和<FONT face="Times New Roman">1/5</FONT>的腐叶土及少量河沙,同时配以少量农家肥作基肥。垂枝榕生长速度较快,一般生长季每月施<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>次液肥,以促进枝叶繁茂。但斑叶品种施肥时应减少肥料中的氮素含量,以免氮肥过多使斑纹变浅或消失,影响观赏效果。秋末及冬季可少施肥或不施肥。生长期中必须以常浇水,夏季需水量更多,更须经常向叶面喷水;春秋季保持盆土湿润;冬季待盆土干燥时再浇水,盆土过湿容易烂根。垂枝榕喜光,平时应尽量使其接受充分的阳光,以保证正常生长及叶面浓绿,尤其斑叶品种,若光线太弱容易使斑纹不清晰,甚至造成落叶。垂枝榕因品种不同,其耐寒能力也不一样:一般青叶品种耐寒力强,越冬温度为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>℃;斑叶品种耐寒力差,越冬温度要稍高,要求<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>℃左右,温度太低容易引起落叶。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<H3 0cm? 13pt></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511291415676499.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511291415676499.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511291462964556.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511291462964556.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-29 14:06:35编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-28 23:55 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 0cm? 13pt><FONT size=5>琴叶榕
<br></FONT></H3>
< none? mso-layout-grid-align: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: char; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: 0pt; 0cm>  为桑科榕属木本观叶植物。琴叶榕为灌木或小乔木,茎干直立,分枝少,尤其幼年时很少分枝(摘心处理可分叉)。高可达<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>米。叶互生,纸质,呈提琴状,故名琴叶榕;叶长可达<FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT>厘米、宽<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>厘米,浅绿或深绿色;叶缘稍呈波浪状,有光泽,叶柄及背灰白色茸毛。性喜高温湿润,喜阳也耐阴。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< none? mso-layout-grid-align: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: char; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: 0pt; 0cm>  琴叶榕一般用扦插或高压繁殖。扦插时选<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>年生枝干,在其离盆土面<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>厘米处剪下,将条切为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>节茎段,作为插穗,每段插穗留一片叶,并将叶片剪去<FONT face="Times New Roman">2/3-3/4</FONT>,以减少水分蒸发;先将插穗伤口浸于水中或用草木灰等沾伤口,以免树液流出;插穗插于以河沙或珍珠岩培成的插床,并注意保持播床温度及周围较高的空气湿度。在<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>℃温度下一个月左右可以生根。经过截干后的植株,在由于破坏了其顶端优势,茎干节位隐芽可萌发新梢,并可形成分叉树形;待新梢老化后可再行剪取扦插。高压繁殖法也是琴叶榕繁殖的常用方法,具体操作方法参见垂枝榕。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< none? mso-layout-grid-align: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: char; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: 0pt; 0cm 10.5pt; mso-char-indent-size: 2.0; mso-char-indent-count: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT:>琴叶榕盆栽常用泥炭土<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份、园土<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份、河沙<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份混合作为基,同时加少量腐熟基肥。由于其叶片宽大,需肥量较大,所以生长季一般<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>周须施液肥或颗粒复合肥,以促进植株生长和叶片浓绿;秋末及冬季一般不施肥。春夏季琴叶榕生长量较大,所需的水份较多,须给予充足水分,同时增加叶面喷水。琴叶榕适于半阴环境下生长,夏季要避免阳光直射,以免灼伤叶片,使叶片失去光泽。但光线太弱,植株生长细弱,所以必须给其较明亮的光线,以利生长健壮。生长季一般在<FONT face="Times New Roman">50%</FONT>遮阴度下生长较好。与其它榕属植物相比,琴叶榕耐寒力相对较弱,越冬温度为<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>℃。为了提高其耐寒力,除了秋末及冬季控制浇水量外,可于冬季来临前一个月左右增施磷钾肥。</P>
<H3 0cm? 13pt></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/2005112914253318508.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/2005112914253318508.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-29 14:25:39编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-28 23:58 | 显示全部楼层
<H3><FONT size=5>橡皮树<o:p></o:p></FONT></H3>
<>  又称印度榕、印度橡胶,为桑科榕属常绿木本观叶植物。橡皮树叶片较大,厚革质,有光泽,圆形至长椭圆形;叶面暗绿色,叶背淡绿色,初期包于顶芽外,新叶伸展后托叶脱落,并在枝条上留下托叶痕。其花叶品种在绿色叶片上有黄白色的斑块,更为美丽悦目。其性喜高温湿润、阳光充足的环境,也能耐阴但不耐寒。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<>  橡皮树常用扦插和高压繁殖。扦插繁殖比较简单,极易成活且生长快。一般于春末夏初结合修剪进行。选择一年生木质化的中部枝条作插穗,插穗以保留三个芽为准,剪去下面的一个叶片,将上面两个叶子合拢,并用塑料绑好,或将上面叶片剪去半叶,以减少水分蒸发;为了防止剪口乳汁流失过多而影响成活,应及时用草木灰涂抹伤口;将处理好的插穗扦插于河砂或蛭石为基质的插床;插后保持插床有较高的湿度,并经常向地面洒水(但不能积水),以提高空气湿度。在<FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃温度、半阴条件下,约经<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>周即可生根。家庭中使用高压也比较方便,成功率也高。高压时选择二年生枝条,先在枝条上环剥<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">1.5</FONT>厘米宽;再用潮湿苔藓或泥炭土等包在伤口周围最后用塑料薄膜包紧,并捆扎上下两端;<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>个月后,即可将生根枝条剪下上盆。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<>橡皮树盆栽时宜用<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份腐叶土、<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份园土和<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份河砂,并加少量基肥,配成培养土。在高温潮湿的环境中生长甚快,每<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>天可生出一片叶子,在这期间必需保证充足的肥料和水分。一般每月施<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>次液肥或复合肥,同时保持较高的土壤湿度。入秋后,逐渐减少施肥和浇水的次数,以促进植物生长充实,利于越冬。橡皮树喜强阳光,春到秋季整个生长季应放在阳光下栽培,冬季亦应放在较强光线处;但它也能耐阴,在室内低光照下栽培,也较好。另外,为了使植株生长匀称,保证良好的株形,在幼苗长到<FONT face="Times New Roman">50-80</FONT>厘米高度时实行摘心,以促进侧枝萌发;侧枝长出后选<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>个枝条,以后每年对侧枝短剪一次,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2-3</FONT>年后即可获得株形完整、圆浑丰满的较大型植株。</P>
<H3></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308312180888.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308312180888.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:31:27编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-28 23:58 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>冷水花 <br><br></FONT></H3>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  又称透明草、花叶荨麻、白雪覃,铝叶草,为荨麻科冷水花属多年生常绿草本观叶植物。冷水花植株高<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>厘米,茎叶稍多汁,茎膨大,节间生根,多分枝。叶卵圆状椭圆形,先端尖,边缘上部有浅齿、下部常全缘;叶长<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>厘米、宽<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>厘米,呈十字对生;掌状三出脉,三条主脉之间有银白色纵向宽条纹,条纹部分突起,脉稍凹陷,叶背淡绿色,聚伞花序腋生,单性同株,淡绿色,不明显。在散射光下生长良好,耐寒性不强,怕霜。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>以扦插或分株繁殖。通常在春秋两季剪取植株的顶枝或茎约<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>节作插穗,去掉下部叶片数枚,插于沙床,放阴湿处或用塑料薄膜保湿。在<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃下两周左右发根。长出新梢后注意摘心,促其分枝,使植株更丰满。春秋季将生长茂密的盆栽进行分株亦可获得新植株。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none? TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;>冷水花盆栽培养土以富含有机质的壤土最好。一般可用园腐叶土、泥炭土、河沙等量混合配制作为基质。它生长快,一般每年至少在春天换盆一次。在生长季每月施<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>次液肥或颗粒花肥,但要注意不要将肥料触及叶面,最好在施肥后用水轻洒,以洗去叶面上可能沾到有肥料。生长势减弱的植株应及时扦插更新,否则会影响观赏效果。它需要较强的散射光,避免强光照射。若光线太强,叶处易被灼伤,且叶色泛黄,叶上白色斑块也不明显,会降低观赏价值;光线太暗则叶色变淡、斑纹变绿。所以,一般在光线稍强的环境中栽培。夏季应遮去<FONT face="Times New Roman">70%</FONT>阳光,冬季少遮光或不遮光。其生长适温为<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃,越冬温度为<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>℃。它喜湿润,生长季节在经常保持盆土潮湿,空气相对湿度保持<FONT face="Times New Roman">60%</FONT>左右,干旱季节应经常向叶面及周围环境喷水。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308353628566.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308353628566.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:36:20编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-28 23:59 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>虎耳草
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< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  又称金钱吊芙蓉。为虎耳草科虎耳草属多年生草本观叶植物。虎耳草为中小型阴生观叶植物,株高<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT>厘米,植株基节部有垂吊细长的匍匐茎,顶端生有小植株。全株密被短茸毛;叶片数枚,基生,近肾形;叶长<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>厘米,宽<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>厘米;叶缘浅裂,有锯齿;叶表暗绿色,且具明显的宽灰白色网状脉纹,叶背紫红色。圆锥花序,花稀疏,白色小花不整齐,花其<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>月。其性喜温暖而稍凉冷、半阴的环境。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>用分株繁殖。当植株生长至一定大小时,母株发出的匍匐茎的末端常会长出小植株;可在春末至秋季将小植株剪下,集中在一个较大的花盆中,加盖玻璃或塑料薄膜,注意保持较高的湿度;待根系长好后再分栽到小盆中。也可将剪下的幼株直接种在小盆中,将小盆放在阴湿处,两周左右可恢复生长。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none? TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;>虎耳草盆栽以富含有机质且排水良好的非常复杂质壤土为最好,可用腐叶土、泥炭土、河沙等量混合而成。除在种植时施少量腐熟基肥外,生长季每月施液肥<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>次。它喜温暖,生长适温为<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃,越冬温度为<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>℃;但花叶品种耐寒力较差,越冬温度为<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>℃。它喜阴湿,生长季需要较高的湿度,盆土须经常保持湿润而不积水,夏季除适当浇水外,以喷雾提高空气湿度;春夏季开花后有一短暂的休眠期,此时可适当少浇水,保持盆不干即可,太湿易腐烂。虎耳草要求在半阴条件下栽培。光照太强,易使叶片灼伤;光线太弱,叶片色彩不鲜艳,所以光照强的春季一般遮阴<FONT face="Times New Roman">50%</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">60%</FONT>,冬季给予较明亮的散射光。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308384869426.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308384869426.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/20051130839487225.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/20051130839487225.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308392798906.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308392798906.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:39:36编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-28 23:59 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>变叶木
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< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  又称洒金榕,为大戟科变叶木属观叶植物。变叶木为常绿灌木,株高<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>米。单叶互生,全缘或分裂,厚革质;其叶形多变,自卵圆形至线形,有的扭曲微皱,有的呈螺旋状,有的大叶顶端又生小叶,具有长叶、母子叶、角叶、螺旋叶、戟叶、阔叶、细叶等七种类型;叶色为深淡绿,有红、黄、紫、褐、橙、青铜等不同深浅的斑点、斑纹或斑块,变化大,鲜艳夺目。花小,不显著,单性,黄白色,没有观赏价值;蒴果球形,白色,我国极少见到结果。目前栽培的绝大多数品种是由杂交培育出来的园艺品种,有<FONT face="Times New Roman">120</FONT>多种。其性喜高温高湿,夏天可适应<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>℃以上高温,对光照适应范围较宽,不耐寒,怕干旱。冬天气温要求保持<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>℃以上,低于<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>℃容易发生脱叶现象。对土壤要求不甚严格,以稍粘质、排水良好的土壤栽培为佳。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  变叶木多用扦插繁殖,有时也用高压繁殖。扦插多于<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT>月气温较高时进行。剪取<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>年生木质化或半木质化枝条<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>厘米,去掉下部叶片,用温水洗去切口的乳汁;稍干后插于粗沙或蛭石的插床上,用塑料薄膜遮盖,并经常喷水,以保持较高的空气湿度。一般<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃左右的温度下<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>周左右可以生根。当新叶长出后即可上盆种植。对于难以生根的品种或为了矮正母株树形,可采用高压繁殖。一般在夏秋季在枝条上做环状剥皮,然后包以水苔等,经一个月左右行生根后切下种植。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none? TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt;>变叶木盆栽可用园土<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>份、堆肥<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份、河沙<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份混合作为基质。<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>月生长期间应给予较充足的水分,每天向叶面及地面喷水,以保持较高的空气湿度和叶面光洁。每两周施一次腐熟液肥。施肥时注意氮肥不可太多,否则叶片变绿,暗淡,不艳丽。秋末及冬季逐渐减少浇水量,并且少施肥或不施肥,以免抽长新梢;否则,容易受冻。变叶木对光线适应范围较宽,但充足的阳光对其生长及获得较高观赏价值的性状十分有利,所以除了炎热烈下须适当遮阴外,春、夏、秋三季在露天光照条件下叶片的颜色变得更美丽;若长期缺光或光线不足,叶色缺少光泽、不艳丽,且容易落叶。变叶木喜温暖,怕寒冷,叶色如保护不好极易以生冻害而引起落叶。在枝条上也会出现水渍状或变色;第二年春季切开这些受害枝条,如有乳汁流出,表示该植株尚未枯死,还有抽芽再生的可能,对此可剪去枯枝,重新换土种植,加强管理,即可萌生新芽新枝。</P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/20051130841851058.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/20051130841851058.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308412276450.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308412276450.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:41:33编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-29 00:00 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>一品红
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< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>   又称猩猩木、象牙红,为大戟科大戟属热带观叶植物。一品红为常绿灌木。茎直立,光滑,含有乳汁;嫩枝绿色,老枝淡褐色。单叶互生,椭圆形至披针形。生于下部叶卵状椭圆形,绿色,全缘或具浅裂,背有柔毛;上部的苞叶较狭,生于花序下方,轮生,呈叶片状披针形,开花时呈鲜红色、白色、淡黄色和粉红色,色彩鲜明,其中红色最为常见,是观赏的主要部分。花序顶生,花小,杯状。除一品红外,园艺栽培的还有其它变种与品种,如一品白、一品粉、美洲一品红、重瓣一品红等。其性喜温暖湿润,喜光,不耐寒,生长适温为<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>℃。对土壤的要求不严,适于肥沃而排水良好的微酸性砂质壤土。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  一品红繁殖以扦插为主。用老枝、嫩枝均可扦插,但枝条过嫩则难以成活。一般多在<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>月间选择健壮的一年生枝条,剪去长<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT>厘米作插穗。为了避免乳汁流出,剪后立即浸入水中或沾草木灰,待插穗稍晾干后即可插入排水良好的土壤中或粗沙中,土面留<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>个芽,保持湿润并稍遮阴。在<FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃左右温度下<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>周可生根,再经约两周可上盆种植或移植。小苗上盆后要给予充足的水分,置于半阴处一周左右,然后移致早晚能见到阳光的地方锻炼约半个月,再放到阳光充足处养护。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  一品红盆栽可用园土<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>份、腐叶土<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>份和堆肥<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份混合作基质。它喜光,须置于阳光充足处,但夏季最好移至稍阴处。生长期须充分浇水,使土壤经常保持湿润,不宜过干过湿。如土壤湿过大,常会引起根部发病腐烂;如土壤湿度不足,则导致落叶,故须注意均匀浇水。盛花时要减少浇水量,如浇水过量会导致落叶。生长旺季需大量养分,<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT>月每周施液肥一次,追肥以清淡为宜,忌施浓肥;花蕾出现后在接近开花时宜增施磷钾肥,以促进苞片生长及苞片色泽鲜艳。开花后将温度降到<FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>℃左右可延长开花期。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  一品红植株生长较快,须行修剪整形。一般在基部留<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>节,其余剪去,以促其抽发分枝;待分枝长<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>厘米时也可再行修剪一次。修剪至立秋前后结束,然后可进行整形、拿弯造型。拿弯一般在枝条上至<FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>厘米左右时开始,每次拿弯前两天就不要浇水,使其枝条略萎蔫,这样不易折断。操作时间在上午<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>时至下午<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>时进行,因为这段时间枝条柔软,容易弯曲。拿弯时,用细绳把枝条拉成弓形,并予以固定。可按不同的方向隔一段时间拿弯一次,把枝条扭绑成左右盘旋的螺旋状,使植株变矮。最后一次拿弯应在开花前<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>天左右。拿弯造型时注意强枝应放在周围、弱枝应放在中间,强枝向下弯曲程度要大些,同时要防止折断枝条,以免造成<FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT>死弯<FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT>。通过拿弯造型可使植株枝叶分布均匀,高矮一致,开花整齐,整个株形丰满美观。此外,用生长矮壮素<FONT face="Times New Roman">B9</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">CCC</FONT>进行叶面处理或土壤浇灌,也可以达到缩短节间、矮化株型的目的。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none? TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt;>一品红为短日照植物,自然开花期在<FONT face="Times New Roman">12</FONT>月。如欲使其提前开花可用短日照处理。一般每天保持日照<FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT>小时,单瓣口吃品种遮光<FONT face="Times New Roman">45</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">55</FONT>天即可开花。如要其在国庆节开花,须于<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>月上旬开始定时遮光处理,处理期须适当增加施肥量,尤其磷肥,这样才能花大叶茂。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308465125493.gif" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308465125493.gif\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/20051130847774271.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/20051130847774271.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308472697803.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308472697803.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:47:30编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-29 00:00 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>马拉巴粟
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< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  又称瓜粟、中美木棉,俗称发财树,为木棉科瓜粟属热带观叶植物。马拉巴粟为常绿乔木,自然状态下高可达十余米。茎的基部自然膨大如鼓槌,甚为奇特。掌状复叶互生,吃叶柄长<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">28</FONT>厘米;小叶<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>片,椭圆状披针形,全缘,先端尖,长<FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>厘米、宽<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>厘米,羽状脉,小叶短柄;新叶淡绿色,成熟叶墨绿色并有革质。花单生叶腋,花期<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>月,小苞片<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>枚,花朵淡黄绿色;子房上位,蒴果长圆形,<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>瓣裂。从高大的果树变为盆栽的室内绿化植物在国外也是十多年的事。其性喜高温和半阴环境,膨大的茎能贮存养分和水分,因面具有较强的抗逆性,耐旱、耐阴,对土壤要求不高,容易栽培。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  马拉巴粟多用播种繁殖,也可用扦插繁殖。播种宜用新鲜种子,其种子如板粟,秋天成熟后采摘,将壳去除即播下,在上面覆盖细土约<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>厘米厚,然后放置在半阴处保持一定的湿度。播后一周左右可发芽。种子发芽率高,且实生苗生长迅速,干基部会自然肥大,十分美观。春季也可利用植株截顶时剪下的枝条,扦插在蛭石或粗沙中,保持一定的温湿度。约一个月左右,可生根成活,但扦插苗的基部不会膨大。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  马拉巴粟盆栽养护也较简单。一般用疏松的园土加少量复合肥作为基质。小苗上盆或地栽种植后,由于它的顶端优势明显,如不摘心就会单杆直往上长;但只要剪去顶芽,很快就会长出侧枝,茎的基部也会明显膨大起来。马拉巴粟适应性强,喜光又能耐阴,入夏时予以遮阴,保持<FONT face="Times New Roman">50%</FONT>的光照即可。如在烈日下暴晒,则叶尖叶缘易枯焦、叶色泛黄。在室内栽培观赏宜置于有一定散射光处。如光线过暗,则抽长的新梢及新叶不易老化,从而出现黄化或枯烂。其生长适温为<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>℃,温度低至<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>℃也能适应。但温度不宜低于<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>℃,否则容易 发生寒害,轻者造成落叶,重者可能造成一线希望死亡。生长期要保持盆土湿润,不干不浇。如水分过多或积水,则生长不良或根茎腐烂;但土壤已不宜太干,尤其晴天空气干燥时还须适当喷水,以保证叶片油绿而有光泽。生长季每月施饼肥水或复合肥<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>次,同时追施适量磷钾肥,以促进茎干基部膨大。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none? TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt;>盆栽马拉巴粟多把树干<FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT>编辫<FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT>种植。具体做法是:待播种苗长高至<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>米左右时,约在<FONT face="Times New Roman">1.5</FONT>米处截去上部,使其成光杆,然后从地下掘起,在半阴条件下让其自然晾干<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>天,使树干弯得柔软而易于弯曲。接着用绳子捆紧同样粗细的几植株的基部,并将其树干编成辫状,放倒在地上,用重物压住,使其形状固定,这样将来能直立向上。编好后可将植株继续种于地上,让它生长一段时间,使茎干生长粗壮、辫状充实整齐;也可直接上盆种植,让它生长枝叶。目前市场上销售的<FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT>三龙<FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT>五龙<FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT>七龙<FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT>等即是用<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>株、<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>株、<FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>株马拉巴粟植株经打编成辫状后种植种植于盆中,使其身价倍增。这些产品目前大多从台湾整好型后直接运进大陆种植,大陆南方各省区开始开展这项工作。</P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308491080599.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308491080599.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308491981454.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308491981454.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:49:26编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-29 00:02 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>白汾藤
<br></FONT></H3>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  又称菱叶粉藤、假提、葡叶吊兰,为葡萄科白粉藤属多年生藤本观叶植物。白粉藤蔓生,枝条柔软下垂或呈爬藤状。掌状复叶,小叶<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>枚;每片叶长<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>厘米,两边<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>枚小叶相等,中间小叶较大,有短柄,中叶柄较长;新叶常被银色的茸毛,成熟叶呈亮绿色或深绿色,叶背有棕色小茸毛。茎蔓节位上长有卷须,卷须末端分叉弯曲。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  白粉藤用于扦插繁殖。通常在春、夏、秋三季选择一年生的半木质化顶梢或侧枝作插穗。剪取长<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT>厘米,把下部叶片一半剪去,插于蛭石或泥炭土和粗沙混合的基质中,温度保持<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT>℃。经<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>天左右即可生根。也可将插条插于水中(注意保持水的清洁),待生根后盆栽。 <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>白粉藤盆栽可用<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>份园土、<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>份腐叶土混合作为基质,也可用泥炭土、腐叶土加<FONT face="Times New Roman">1/4</FONT>河沙土和少量基肥作为为基质。栽培多年的老植株,可结合重修剪于早春新芽大量生长之前进行换盆。换盆时去掉部分老根和旧培养土,用新土重新盆栽。生长季节每<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>周施一次液肥。夏季浇水要间干间湿,最好每天向叶面喷雾,以利生长;冬季浇水应稍喷水,以防叶片卷曲和红蜘蛛为害;其它季节也应经常保持盆土湿润。白粉藤适于明亮光照环境,在较阴暗处也可适应;忌直射阳光,如强光直射则会出现烧褐斑。一般室温下即可生长,在<FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">16</FONT>℃环境下仍可见其生长。但冬季温度低于<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>℃,容易受寒,叶片变黄、失去光泽,甚至脱落。白粉藤的病害以白粉病常见,大部由于浇水过多、通风不良引起,在生产关系冬季尤其要注意。家庭栽培,每<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>周清洗一次叶面,以去除烟尘,保持叶片光亮。该植物往往生长很快,枝条过长,要经常修剪零乱的枝条,引导枝条伸展,以保持良好的株形。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308514256812.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308514256812.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:51:45编辑过]

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 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-29 00:03 | 显示全部楼层
<H3 13pt 0cm?><FONT size=5>蟆叶海棠
<br></FONT></H3>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  又称王秋海棠、毛叶秋海棠,为秋海棠科秋海棠属多年生常绿草本观叶植物。蟆叶海棠是秋海棠中的大型美叶种。根状茎粗壮肥大,肉质,匍匐,节极短。叶和花茎均从根状茎的部位生出,在靠近地面处长成一簇。叶斜卵圆形如象耳,长可达<FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT>厘米;叶面深绿色,常具金属光泽,有不规则的银白色环带,叶背面紫红叶脉及叶柄上多毛。花淡红色,高出叶面。园艺品种甚多,如铁十字海棠、斑叶秋海棠、虎耳秋海棠、灰叶秋海棠、彩叶秋海棠等。其性喜高温、多湿、半日阴。耐寒性较强,冬季可忍耐<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>℃左右低温。</P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  蟆叶海棠多用分株和叶插繁殖。分株宜在春季结合老株更新换盆时进行,将根状茎分切成两段或数段,使每段上最少带有一个新芽和<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>片叶,待伤口稍晾干后分别栽植于盆中。叶插,即剪取发育充分的叶片,沿中脉的中心分切数块,每块均呈三角形,每块叶中心必须带有叶的主脉或支脉;然后将此叶片插于河沙或河沙和蛭石混合培成的插床中,深约<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>厘米;插后轻轻压实,并经常保持湿润。在温度<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>℃左右时很快发生不定根,并抽新芽。叶插可在整个生长季进行,但最好要避开高温期,同时注意湿度不宜太高,以免高温高湿引起腐烂。</P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none?>  蟆叶海棠盆栽要求采用排水良好、富含腐殖质的近中性土壤,可以园土<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份、腐叶土<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份、河沙<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>份和部分腐熟有机质作基肥配成。盆栽时不宜过深,以根状茎与盆土表面平时为好。每年春季换盆时将旧土及腐烂的根去掉,用新土重新栽植。整个生长期都必须避免阳光直射,应该放置在散射光或半日阴的环境中。日常管理上要求盆土宜干不宜湿,光照宜弱不宜强,施肥宜淡不宜浓。平时浇水应注意不可过多,盆土过湿常引起根部腐烂;高温时每天喷雾<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>次,以增加空气湿度,降低温度;多雨高温的三伏天应将其移至通风凉凉爽遮雨的地方。其生长适温为<FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>-<FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT>℃。高温干燥的环境对其生长不利,往往会使叶片变小而厚,严重时边缘干枯,幼叶不能展开直至枯死。生长期应适当追肥,可用液肥或缓效性的粒肥,施肥时要避免肥料沾污叶面而使叶片烧伤。</P>
< 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none? TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt;>蟆叶海棠有时叶面上发生褐色病斑,初起时叶面产生针头大小的斑点,继而扩大成四周呈水渍状的黑色病斑。这是细菌性斑点病,发现时应将病叶摘除烧毁,并避免叶面喷水以蔓延。植株上有时也可发生白星病等真菌性病害,对此柯用托布津喷洒防治。如发现蜗牛、蛞蝓等咬食叶片,可人工捕休养杀。</P>
<H3 13pt 0cm?></H3><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308534715941.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2005-11/200511308534715941.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><br>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-30 8:53:52编辑过]

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